Ludwig van Beethoven: Componist: Ludwig van Beethoven door Joseph Karl Stieler, 1820, Beethoven-Haus Bonn. Beethoven schrijft in het manuscript van de Missa Solemnis opus 123 (1818–1823). Volledige naam: Ludwig van Beethoven. Beethoven was the grandson of Ludwig van Beethoven (1712–73), a musician from the town of Mechelen in the Duchy of Brabant in the Flemish region of what is now Belgium, who at the age of twenty moved to Bonn. Ludwig van Beethoven - Wikipedia. Ludwig van Beethoven (i, ; German. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers. His best- known compositions include 9 symphonies, 5 piano concertos, 1 violin concerto, 3. Ludwig van Beethoven (December 16, 1770 – March 26, 1827) was a German composer born in Bonn who spent his musical career in Vienna. A pivotal figure in the development of the Romantic style, he is one of the most respected.Mass the Missa solemnis, and one opera, Fidelio. Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of the Holy Roman Empire, Beethoven displayed his musical talents at an early age and was taught by his father Johann van Beethoven and by composer and conductor Christian Gottlob Neefe. At the age of 2. 1 he moved to Vienna, where he began studying composition with Joseph Haydn, and gained a reputation as a virtuoso pianist. He lived in Vienna until his death. By his late 2. 0s his hearing began to deteriorate, and by the last decade of his life he was almost totally deaf. In 1. 81. 1 he gave up conducting and performing in public but continued to compose; many of his most admired works come from these last 1. Biography. Background and early life. Beethoven was the grandson of Ludwig van Beethoven (1. The portrait he commissioned of himself towards the end of his life remained proudly displayed in his grandson's rooms as a talisman of his musical heritage. Ludwig had one son, Johann (1. There is no authentic record of the date of his birth; however, the registry of his baptism, in a Catholic service at the Parish of St. Notes Original images: 300dpi, color jpg2000 files approx. 2950 by 4250 usable pixels. Editing: re-sampled to 600dpi, converted to black and white tif files, de-skewed, and set uniform margins. See Sonate per pianoforte. Want to watch this again later? Regius on 1. 7 December 1. Of the seven children born to Johann van Beethoven, only Ludwig, the second- born, and two younger brothers survived infancy. Caspar Anton Carl was born on 8 April 1. Nikolaus Johann, the youngest, was born on 2 October 1. He later had other local teachers: the court organist Gilles van den Eeden (d. Tobias Friedrich Pfeiffer (a family friend, who provided keyboard tuition), and Franz Rovantini (a relative, who instructed him in playing the violin and viola). Beethoven's musical talent was obvious at a young age. Johann, aware of Leopold Mozart's successes in this area (with his son Wolfgang and daughter Nannerl), attempted to promote his son as a child prodigy, claiming that Beethoven was six (he was seven) on the posters for Beethoven's first public performance in March 1. Some time after 1. Beethoven began his studies with his most important teacher in Bonn, Christian Gottlob Neefe, who was appointed the Court's Organist in that year. Neefe taught Beethoven composition, and by March 1. Wo. O 6. 3). His first three piano sonatas, named . Maximilian Frederick noticed Beethoven's talent early, and subsidised and encouraged the young man's musical studies. Maximilian Frederick's successor as the Elector of Bonn was Maximilian Francis, the youngest son of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, and he brought notable changes to Bonn. Echoing changes made in Vienna by his brother Joseph, he introduced reforms based on Enlightenment philosophy, with increased support for education and the arts. The teenage Beethoven was almost certainly influenced by these changes. He may also have been influenced at this time by ideas prominent in freemasonry, as Neefe and others around Beethoven were members of the local chapter of the Order of the Illuminati. In March 1. 78. 7 Beethoven travelled to Vienna, possibly at another's expense, for the first time, apparently in the hope of studying with Mozart. The details of their relationship are uncertain, including whether they actually met. Having learned that his mother was ill, Beethoven returned about two weeks after his arrival. His mother died shortly thereafter, and his father lapsed deeper into alcoholism. As a result, Beethoven became responsible for the care of his two younger brothers, and spent the next five years in Bonn. Beethoven was introduced in these years to several people who became important in his life. Franz Wegeler, a young medical student, introduced him to the von Breuning family (one of whose daughters Wegeler eventually married). Beethoven often visited the von Breuning household, where he taught piano to some of the children. Here he encountered German and classical literature. The von Breuning family environment was less stressful than his own, which was increasingly dominated by his father's decline. Beethoven also came to the attention of Count Ferdinand von Waldstein, who became a lifelong friend and financial supporter. In 1. 78. 9 Beethoven obtained a legal order by which half of his father's salary was paid directly to him for support of the family. He also contributed further to the family's income by playing viola in the court orchestra. His life Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, but as a young man he moved away and made a name for himself in Vienna, the bustling and exciting capital of Austria. His father was also a musician, and he encouraged and promoted. This familiarised Beethoven with a variety of operas, including three by Mozart that were performed at court in this period. He also befriended Anton Reicha, a flautist and violinist of about his own age who was a nephew of the court orchestra's conductor, Josef Reicha. Establishing his career in Vienna. From 1. 79. 0 to 1. Beethoven composed a significant number of works (none were published at the time, and most are now listed as works without opus) that demonstrated his growing range and maturity. Musicologists have identified a theme similar to those of his Third Symphony in a set of variations written in 1. Beethoven was probably first introduced to Joseph Haydn in late 1. London and stopped in Bonn around Christmas time. A year and a half later, they met in Bonn on Haydn's return trip from London to Vienna in July 1. Beethoven to study with the old master. With the Elector's help, Beethoven left Bonn for Vienna in November 1. France; he learned shortly after his arrival that his father had died. Mozart had also recently died. Count Waldstein, in his farewell note to Beethoven, wrote: . Working under Haydn's direction. He also studied violin under Ignaz Schuppanzigh. Early in this period, he also began receiving occasional instruction from Antonio Salieri, primarily in Italian vocal composition style; this relationship persisted until at least 1. With Haydn's departure for England in 1. Beethoven was expected by the Elector to return home. He chose instead to remain in Vienna, continuing his instruction in counterpoint with Johann Albrechtsberger and other teachers. Although his stipend from the Elector expired, a number of Viennese noblemen had already recognised his ability and offered him financial support, among them Prince Joseph Franz Lobkowitz, Prince Karl Lichnowsky, and Baron Gottfried van Swieten. By 1. 79. 3, Beethoven had established a reputation as an improviser in the salons of the nobility, often playing the preludes and fugues of J. Bach's Well- Tempered Clavier. By 1. 79. 3, he had established a reputation in Vienna as a piano virtuoso, but he apparently withheld works from publication so that their publication in 1. Beethoven's first public performance in Vienna was in March 1. It is uncertain whether this was the First or Second. Documentary evidence is unclear, and both concertos were in a similar state of near- completion (neither was completed or published for several years). Shortly after this performance, he arranged for the publication of the first of his compositions to which he assigned an opus number, the three piano trios, Opus 1. These works were dedicated to his patron Prince Lichnowsky, and were a financial success; Beethoven's profits were nearly sufficient to cover his living expenses for a year. Musical maturity. Beethoven composed his first six string quartets (Op. Prince Lobkowitz). They were published in 1. With premieres of his First and Second Symphonies in 1. Beethoven became regarded as one of the most important of a generation of young composers following Haydn and Mozart. He also continued to write in other forms, turning out widely known piano sonatas like the . Cooper describes as . For the premiere of his First Symphony, Beethoven hired the Burgtheater on 2 April 1. Haydn and Mozart, as well as his Septet, the First Symphony, and one of his piano concertos (the latter three works all then unpublished). The concert, which the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung described as . For example, Beethoven's quintet for piano and winds is said to bear a strong resemblance to Mozart's work for the same configuration, albeit with his own distinctive touches. But Beethoven's melodies, musical development, use of modulation and texture, and characterisation of emotion all set him apart from his influences, and heightened the impact some of his early works made when they were first published. By the end of 1. 80. Beethoven and his music were already much in demand from patrons and publishers. In May 1. 79. 9, Beethoven taught piano to the daughters of Hungarian Countess Anna Brunsvik. During this time, Beethoven fell in love with the younger daughter Josephine. Shortly after these lessons, Josephine was married to Count Josef Deym. Beethoven was a regular visitor at their house, continuing to teach Josephine, and playing at parties and concerts. Her marriage was by all accounts happy (despite initial financial problems). Her relationship with Beethoven intensified after Deym died suddenly in 1. Beethoven had few other students. From 1. 80. 1 to 1. Ferdinand Ries, who went on to become a composer and later wrote Beethoven remembered, a book about their encounters. The young Carl Czerny studied with Beethoven from 1. Czerny went on to become a renowned music teacher himself, instructing Franz Liszt, and gave on 1. February 1. 81. 2 the Vienna premiere of Beethoven's fifth piano concerto (the . In the spring of 1. The Creatures of Prometheus, a ballet. The work received numerous performances in 1. Beethoven rushed to publish a piano arrangement to capitalise on its early popularity. In the spring of 1. Second Symphony, intended for performance at a concert that was cancelled. The symphony received its premiere instead at a subscription concert in April 1. Theater an der Wien, where Beethoven had been appointed composer in residence.
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